Submarine wireless system



w. e. mam. SUBMARlN-E WIRELESS SYSTEM. APPLICATION FILED JAN.3,19'20- mgw wn, Patented June 21, 1921..

(signs-SHEET 1 INVENTOR.

WITNESS.-

y ATTORNEY.

W. G. ZREGLER.

SUBMARINE WIRELESS SYSTEM.

APPLICAHON FILED JAN-3.1920.

1,382,59Un Patented June 21, 1921.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

IN VEN TOR.

WITNESS:

l 7 Mr. G. za zer.

ATTORNEY.

| w. G. ZIEGLER. SUBMARINE WIRELESS SYSTEM.

APPLICATION FILED JAN-3,1920- l,882,590. r Patented June 21,1921.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

121 1355.- INVENWR Wz ien- ATTORNEY.

hurrah stares raiser orrice.

WILILIAM G. ZEIGLER, OF CHICAGO, lILLINOIS.

SUBMARINE WIRELESS SYSTEM.

Application filed January 3, 1920.

"waves are transmitted through water and the earth instead of through the air and earth as in the ordinal systems, the device being particularly adaptable for use between shore ,stations and surface and submarine ships or between ships at sea, the advantage.

of this system being that the elevated aerials are eliminated, spark gaps, secondary and high frequency transformers are also eliminated, and the posibility of interception of messages by the ordinary wireless system and apparatus is prevented. I

An important object is the provision of a system of this character which operates upon a closed circuit and which is therefore more sensitive to the reception of wireless waves,'the device being adapted for telephonic as well as telegraphic communication.

Another object is the provision of a system and apparatus of this character which operates-uponthe following principle: The earth and the water are two solids of different densities 7 given vibration differently from the other.

These two solids of dilferent densities are influenced by a positive vibration of electricity in one and a negative vibration in the other, these. vibrations traveling indefinitely through the two solids respectively. The vibrations are effected by the self-induced electroanotive force in a helix having an interrupter associated therewith.

A further object is the provision in a wire less system of this character of a specially constructed vibrator coil which is provided with means for the discharge of electromotive force induced within the coil, the vibrator arrangement being so constructed and adjusted that the device may be tunedor adjusted for different wave lengths.

An additional object is the provision of a system and apparatus ofthis character which will be comparatively simple and in- Specification of Letters Patent.

and one will transmit a' latented June 21, 1921.

Serial No. 348,166.

expensive; in manufacture and installation. highly cfiicient and positive in action, durable in service, and a general improvement in the art.

With the above and other objects and ad vantages 111 view, the invention consists in the details of construction to be hereinafter more fully described and claimed, and illustrated in the accompanving drawings in. whichl l Figure l is a diagram of the transmitting apparatus for a land station and showing the parts arranged for wireless telegraphy,

Fig. 2 is a similar view showing the at rangement of parts of a transmitting ap paratus for use at sea,

Fig. 3 is a diagrammatic view of a receiving apparatus for a land station,

Fig. l is a diagram showing the receiving station at sea, h

Fig. 5 is a diagrammatic view, similar to Fig. 1. showing the parts arranged for wireless telephony, l Fig. 6 is aside elevation of the coil and vibrator,

Fig. 7 is a longitudinal sectional view therethrough,

Fig.8 is an end elevation.

Referring niore particularly to the, drawings. it will beseen that I make use of a coil and vibrator comprising a casing 15 within which is mounted the coil which is formed of a core 16 formed preferably as a bundle of soft iron wires covered with the usual insulation. such as fiber, paper, or the like. and then comred with many coils of wire forming a helix 17, this helix together with the core. constituting an electro-magnct.

Tllc winding of the helix should be so judged L that the maximum strength of the magnetic field around the magnet may be secured without offering too great a resistance to the flow of current through the helix. Exper mentation will determine the proper size of wire and the proper number of turns thereof to secure he best results. The core 16 is so mounted within the casing 1:) that one end will project beyond the end wall of the casing, as clearly shown.

The vibrator structure includes a support 18 secured externally at one end of thecasing 15 and having securedthereon a spring armature 19 which is vertically disposed and which extends through a bridge piece 20 having extending therethrough an adjusting screw 21 provided preferably with platisheet of spring metal bent to provide an attaching portion 2Ssecured against the plate nccted' with'one terminal 47 of the telegraph key 48, the other terminal of which is connected with the terminal 11 on the casing 15. Alsoconnected with the terminal 41:7 of the telegraph key 48 is a wire 49 "which is grounded, as shown at 50. The contact or terminal 43 ot' the coil structure has con-' .nectcd therewith a'wire 51 which is connected with a metal plate 52 which is submerged in the water and which performs the function of an aerial.

The operation of this transmitting station portion 26 and a tongue 29 which extends break of the magnetic field.

is as follows: downwardly. An adjusting screw-30 e'xf d h h h ff t ti 25 f thq the circuitis closed from the source of cursupport and n a th t e 29 d thi rent through the coil and current flows from screw so carries a suitable lock nut 31. Th The positive pole of the source of current 46, upper end of the armature 19 carries a conthrough the helix, through the armature 19, t ct. 2.3 engaging a t 't. 32 m t d o which is at this time negative as the spring the lower end of the tongue 29 and it is of eff t h s not yet een vercome by the magcl)ufie"ineterab-le that these two contacts be n i field around the lec ro nagnet formed formed of platinum or other material which y the e x 17. a d its cores, through the will stand sparking without deterioration. O flCfiS 22 and Bet, screw 21, bridge piece Th armntmg 19 1 1 id d ith. a 20, terminal 41 through the. telegraph key contact 31 engaged by the contact 22 onthe' 48rbaek to the source 46. The magnetic end of the screw 21, Tuning of the vibrafield PlOClHCGCl about the helix by the flow tor effected by adjustment of the screw 21. of electricity therethrough will attract the The purpose of the contacts 32 and is to armature 19 toward the core of the helix, permit the discharge of self-induced electrobreaking the circuit between the contacts 22 motive force within the helix 17 at the and 34, whereupon. the contacts and 33 Owing to the will instantly engage.

I flexibility ot' the spring tongue 29. it will be action is a weak flow of current. from the seen that this tongue willadjust itself to a p sitive pole of the source of current -16, great extent to the tuning effected by move through the helix, through the vibrator ment of the armature 19 under the influence armature-19, through the contacts 32 and 33, ot' the. screw 21. tl irough the terminal -13, through the wire The connections of this vibrator coil above bland to the submerged aerial 52, by elecdescribed are as follows? One terminal 35 of trolys is to the ground, and from the ground the helix 1? is connected with one of the 0 thmughthe wire 49, through the terminal screws 36 which hold the support 18 and the 47 of the telegraph key, and ack to the negaother screw 36 holding this support is contive .pole of the source 46. The purpose of nected by a wire 37 with a condenser 3810- the coil is to produce by self-induction. an cated preferably within the bottom portion electro-motive force greater than. that used of the casing 17 The otheuterminal 39 of to excite themaguetic field lVhen the magthe coiuliniscr is connected with one of the netic field iscaused by the flow of current Whenv the telegraph key 48 is depressed,

The result of this screws 40 which hold the bridge piece 20 in. throughthe helix, the magnetic lines of force po ition. The other screw 40 holding the in the core are expanded, and the greater the bridge piece in place. is connected with a current or the greater the number of turns terminal 41 mounted on the casing 15. The of wire up to the maximuln limits, the larger other end of the helix 1.7 is connected with a will be the number of lines of force that terminal 42 mounted on the casing. Mountare expanded. This action takes place dured on one side ot'the casing 15 is another ing the make ofthe magnetic field. lVhen terminal 4?) to which is connected a wire 44 the fiow of currentis stopped by the action connected with the screws 4;") which hold the of the vibrator armature 19, the break ocsupport 26 in position. After the internal curs and the magnetic lines of force sudconnections are made within the casing 15 denly readjust themselves by contracting it. is preferable that the casing be filled with into'the core. The sudden rush of the lines some suitable insulating material which may of force cutting across the windings of the conveniently lie-sealing wax. helix induces within the coil or helix an lr. carrying out my system the transmit electro-motive force of peculiar intensity ting station on land includes a source-of and volume. w ion is stronger than that current 46 which has one pole, the positive, employed to maKc the magnetic field, The

connected with the terminal 42 w inch is conenergy thus ino-iced naturally seeks an exit- 'nectcd with one end of the helix 17. The and a portion flows nto the condenscr 38. negative pole ot the source of current- 1s conshunted across \he contacts 22 and 34 and lfll prevents a welding spark at this point. The greater part of the induced current, however, passes through the contacts 32 and 33, through the wire 44, terminal 43, and Wire 51, to the submerged aerial 52. This latter course being the shorter route to a terminal conductor, the positive current naturally leaps for this outlet 52 While the negative current passes through the wire 49, to the ground 50. This of course depends upon the manner-in which the polarity of the source of current 46 is connected to the coil,

the polarity of the self-induced electro-mo these oscillations, at the positive and negative terminations, are resultants of the electricity contained in the self-induced electro-motive'force as their source. These vibrations travel out from the respective plates, in general spherical waves, being longitudinal in character. their speed being increased or decreased according to the density of the solids through which they pass. These vibrations are not confinedto the respective solids, but travel through both of them..

In case the sending apparatus or transmitting station is used at sea, the ground connection 50 is replaced by another plate 53 similar to the plate 52 except that the plates 52 and 53 are formed of dissimilar metals.

In further carrying out my system, I proyidc a receiving station which when used on ground, is arranged as shown in Fig. 3. Referring to this figure, it will be seen that the receiving station includes a pair of wireless receivers 54 of the proper resistance,

through the receivers 5 to the ground 59.

This particular station operates under a closed circuit, that is. the chemical action (electrolysis) of the'elements in natural solution upon the plates and :30 produces an electromotive force having a definite polarity. This causes an electro tension throughout the immediate vicinity of the component and associateoelements. This electro tension causes a certain rate of vibration to occur which is fundamental in the resultant electricity of the closed circuit. It is understood that an electric circuit, regardless of what its condition may be, has similarities between it and another, and so it is that the vibrations of the electro tension of the receiving station, have a peculiarity. in rate-end quality similar to that effected by the transmitting station. When the wave vibrations from the transmitting station pass through the immediate vicinity of the components and associated elements of the receiving station, an cite-ct is produced in which an acceleration of the chemical action is taking place due to the fact that the electro tension is influenced by the vibrations sent out by thetransmitting station. 'lhis will cause a buzz in the receivers el: of a duration equal to the buzz in the transmitting station produced by the length of depression of the telegraph key. In order to strengthen the cil'ect in the receiving station. such devices as audion detectors and amplifiers. such as a re used in wireless transmission through air. may be used.

Referring-to Fig. i it will be seen that the receiving station upon a ship at sea is slightly (llffOIQIli. in this form the wire 58 instead of being grounded. as in the previously described form. is connected with a se oud submerged aerial (ll) which should be formed of a different metal from that employed for the plate 37. The operation of the receiving station while at sea. is the same as the previously described form except that the current caused by the electrolysis of the plate, 51' will pass into and through the plate 6i! inste: d of lo the ground .39. as in the previous Form.

Referring to big. 5. l have shown an adaptation of my system for wireless tolephony. in this form I make use of a telephone transmitter ill in place of the telegraph key 48 shown in Fig. l. and in this form the contacts 32 and 33 and 22 and 34 are eliminated. The condenser in this instance is shunted across the terminals oi" the transmitter (31. The operation is the same as the operation oi the arrangement shown in Fig. l ct-:cept that The operator speaks the message into the transmitter (ll instead of operating the telegraph lzey and using" the Morse code. The action on the rcceivinp station is the same regardless of whether the transmitting station be arranged for telegraph or telephony except that in the latter instance the sounds audible in the receivers 54' will be words instead of merely buzzes.

From the foregoing description and a study of the drawings it will be apparent that I have thus provided a wireless system for the transmission 0t messages which eliminates static electricity from producing intertercnce in the transmission and reception oi the message, which eliminates long erect aerials, which facilitates communication with ships at sea, which is very sensitive as it operates upon a closed circuit while remixing. and which transmits messages which cannot be received by a Marconi Wireless receiving station when such station is awaiting aerial wireless messages. It will also be obscrxed that my system eliminates spark g" p and also secondary and high frequency transformers. A further advantage is that the transmission of vibrations is etfected through the earth instead of through air and that the operation ot sending mes sages is noiseless.

\"nile l have shown and described the prc'l'crrcd embodiment of my invention, it is o'l' course to he understood that I reserve the right to niakesuch changes in the form. constrnrtion. and arrangennmt of parts as will not depart from the spirit of the invention or the scope oi the su'bjoined claims.

Having thus described my invention, I claim 1. In a wireless apparatus for the transmission ol messagcs. a source of current, an

clectro-magnet connected therewith and hava vibratory armature. a circuitclosing vice connected with said source and with and cintro-magnet and further connected with the ground. a secondary vibrator association with said vibratory armature and operated thereby for making and breaking the new ol current caused by self-induction at the make and break of the circuit through the clectro-magnet. and a metallic plate connected with said secondary vibratory and submerged Within a body of water.

2. In a wireless apparatus for the trans rnssmn of messages, a. vibrator structure comprising a metallic core, a helix surrounding the core, a vibrator armature acted upon by said core and connected with one end of the helix. a condenser connected with said arnntture, means for adjusting the position of the irrniature with .respect to the core and sewing as the make and break contacts of the vibrator structure, a second vibrator engaged by said armature and adapted to make and break a secondary current caused by sclt-iinlhction within said helix at the make and break of the armature-with its adjusts ;terposed in circuit with :the ground with a Source of current, a secondary vibrator associated with the armature and operated automatically thereby for making and breaking the How of self-induced current at the make and break of the circuit through the .magnet, and a metallic terminal plate con nected with the secondary vibrator.

i. In a wireless apparatus for the. LIEU)? mission of messages, a sending apparatus comprising an electro-magnet having a vibratory armature, a circuit closing device connected with said eleotro-magnet and in} terpos'ed in circuit with the ground and with a source of current, a secondary vibrator associated with thearmature and opera-ted automatic-ally thereby for making and breaking the flow of-self-induced current at the make and break of the circuit through the magnet, and a metallic terminal plate connected with the secondary vibrator, the

secondary.vibrator being formed as a resilicnt contactdisposed in the path of travel of the armature. V

.3. In a wireless apparatus for the transmission of 'messages, a sending apparatus com n-ising an electro-niagnet having a vi bratory armature, a circuit closing device connected with said electro-magnet and interposed in'circuit with the ground and with a source of current, a secondary vibrator associated with the armature and operated automatically thereby for making and breaking the flow of self-induced current at the make and break of the circuit through the magnet, a metallic terminal plate connected with the secondary vibrator, the secondary vibrator being termed as aresilient contact disposed in the path of travel of the armature, and means for adjusting the armature vibrator and the secondary vibrator independently.

In testimony whereof I afiix my signature.

WILLIAM GEORGE ZEIGLER. 

